The USB versions up to 2.0 are simply mentioned that they are using Unicode as their encoding method but version 3.0 and the above has started using 8b/10b encoding method. The USB 2.x consist of only 4 copper wires inside but the USB 3.x consist of 9 copper wires inside.
If you want to extend them further then you will need to provide more power in the cable through hub or other means. The cable length of the USB 2.x device can be 5 Meters (16 feet and 5 inches) as maximum and the cable length of the USB 3.x device can be 3 Meters (9 feet and 10 inches) as maximum. Maximum Cable Length and Type of the Wire So now you power up larger devices through the USB version 3.1. The operational power of USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 is 5V, 1.8A but the operational power of USB 3.1 is 20V, 5A which is higher. The 2.x uses the half duplex data transmission method while the 3.x uses the full duplex data transmission method. In 2.x, it can only send or receive the data at a time. So data can be send and received simultaneously at the same time in 3.x. The USB 2.0 and the previous models can process the data only in one direction at a time but the 3.x models has bidirectional data transfer. Now the latest 3.0 and 3.1 has the speed of 5Gb per second and 10Gb per second.
The data transfer speed was only 12 Mb per second in USB 1.0 but later it was improved to 480 Mb per second in USB 2.0. The USB 2.0 devices will also work on USB 3.x ports. Both the device and the slot should be the same USB version for getting the respective speed. But you will get only the speed of the USB 2.0 which is 480 Mbit/s instead of 5 Gbit/s and 10 Gbit/s. Yes, you can connect USB 3.0 and USB 3.1 devices to USB 2.0 slot and it will work. Is it possible to connect USB 3.0 and USB 3.1 devices to USB 2.0 slot? There is also red color but instead of USB version it is used to denote that the USB will remain active even if the device goes to sleep or standby mode. The USB 1.x comes in white color, USB 2.x comes in black and the USB 3.x comes in the blue color inner plastic. But there is one big difference to find them, the color of the plastic inside.
The USB 2.0, USB 3.0 and the USB 3.1 are just same in size and shape. How to differentiate USB 2.0 from USB 3.0 and USB 3.1 instantly just by looking? Sometimes, USB 3.0 is also known as USB 3.1 GEN 1 and the USB 3.1 is also known as USB 3.1 GEN 2. Along with the earlier versions USB 2.0, USB 3.0 and USB 3.1 are USB type-A models which means they look same outside and has backward compatibility. The USB versions 0.8, 0.1 & 1.1 are outdated and no longer released or used widely. Low speed: 1.5 Mbit/s, Full speed: 12 Mbit/s
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